Carrier frame and circuit board for an electronic device with lens backlash reduction

ABSTRACT

An electronic device includes a threaded spacer and a biasing element to reduce backlash. The threaded spacer includes a thread end point that is offset from the thread start point of the carrier frame. The offset thread ending and starting points create a gap between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame. The biasing element applies a force to the threaded spacer, thereby reducing the backlash between the lens and the carrier frame, while at the same time allowing the lens to be rotated for focus adjustments.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/655,972, filed Oct. 19, 2012, and entitled “Carrier Frame and Circuit Board for an Electronic Device,” which is hereby incorporated by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE TECHNOLOGY

The present technology relates to the assembly of an electronic device, and more specifically, to an electronic device assembled with an adjustable lens, a printed circuit board and a carrier frame supporting the printed circuit board and the lens.

Most if not all electronic devices include one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs). During assembly, the board(s) are screwed to or otherwise connected to a portion of the electronic device's housing or other boards within the housing. One type of electronic device is an imaging device, more generally referred to as a camera. An imaging device is generally used to inspect, locate and/or acquire an image of an object. For example, in manufacturing applications, imaging systems can be used to detect defects in a manufactured object by acquiring images of the object and using various types of image processing algorithms to analyze the images. Unlike traditional cameras that use film to capture and store an image, some imaging devices use various electronic, solid-state, and other devices including vision sensors, controllers, illumination devices, lenses, and the like.

Some imaging devices can include a housing with the solid state devices mounted to several rigid PCBs, with the rigid PCBs held in the desired configuration by the housing. One of the several rigid PCBs needs to be aligned with a lens, and the lens needs to be aligned with an opening in the housing. Connectors are used to connect the one or more of the PCBs together, which adds size, cost, assembly time, and possible areas for failure. The size of the housing is limited to the size of the various solid-state devices and the rigid PCBs used to support them.

Improvements have been made in the area of printed circuit boards for electronic devices. PCBs are now available in flexible form, and a hybrid of rigid and flexible, known as rigid-flex. The hybrid rigid-flex PCB generally consists of rigid and flexible substrates that are laminated together into a single structure. Another form of PCB is known as a rigidized flex construction, which is simply flex circuits that include stiffeners attached to provide support for the electronic components on the circuit board. A rigid-flex circuit typically has conductors on the rigid layers, which differentiates it from multi-layer circuits with stiffeners.

In some imaging devices, the lens can be threaded into the housing or a lens carrier to allow for adjustment of the focus of the lens. When the lens is threaded to allow for adjustment, there is always an amount tolerance or backlash between the lens thread and the mating thread of a lens carrier. This undesirable backlash can result in an shift of focus and in a tilted optical axis of the lens with respect to the optical axis of the imaging device. The shift of focus reduces image quality, and the reduced image quality is exacerbated with shorter focal lengths.

Attempts have been made to reduce backlash, but have only provided limited success, and tend to reduce the adjustability of the lens. Some configurations include using a helical spring positioned between the lens carrier and a spacer screwed to the threaded lens. In this configuration, as the lens is screwed in or out to adjust focus, the force applied by the spring changes. As the force applied by the spring changes, so does its ability to reduce the backlash. Other configurations have included using a retaining ring to apply a force to the lens. In this configuration, the retaining ring must be removed before the lens can be adjusted. When the retaining ring is replaced, its backlash reduction can vary from prior lens positions.

The electronic devices of the prior art have several disadvantages in not only the assembly process, but in the overall size and limits on the serviceability of rigid circuit boards, reliability of PCB connectors, and lens backlash. What is needed are systems and methods that use a carrier frame to support the PCBs for easy assembly and reduce or eliminate lens backlash, without the problems and drawbacks associated with prior configurations.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE TECHNOLOGY

The present embodiments overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by incorporating the use of a threaded spacer and a biasing element. The threaded spacer includes a thread end point that is offset from the thread start point of the carrier frame. The offset thread ending and starting points create a gap between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame. The biasing element applies a force to the threaded spacer in the direction of the optical axis toward or away from the carrier frame, thereby reducing the backlash between the lens and the carrier frame, while at the same time allowing the lens to be rotated for focus adjustments.

Accordingly, some embodiments comprise a lens backlash reduction apparatus. The lens backlash reduction apparatus includes a lens, the lens including a threaded lens base. The lens backlash reduction apparatus can also include a carrier frame, the carrier frame including a threaded aperture, the threaded aperture being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base. A biasing element can be coupled to the carrier frame, the biasing element including a base and at least one spring extending outwardly from the base, the spring having a bias end. A threaded spacer is also included, the threaded spacer being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base, such that when the threaded lens base is threaded into and through the threaded spacer and into the threaded aperture, the threaded spacer does not rotate and a gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame, and the bias end of the spring applies a force to the threaded spacer.

Other embodiments comprise a lens backlash reduction apparatus. The lens backlash reduction apparatus includes a lens including a threaded lens base. A carrier frame includes a threaded aperture, the threaded aperture being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base, the threaded aperture including a thread start point on the threaded aperture, and the threaded aperture including a recessed rim. A biasing element is coupled to the carrier frame, the biasing element including a base and at least one spring extending outwardly from the base, the spring having a bias end. A threaded spacer is sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base, the threaded spacer being sized to fit at least partially within a space defined by the recessed rim, the threaded spacer being non-rotatable within the space defined by the recessed rim, the threaded spacer including a thread end point on the threaded spacer, the thread end point on the threaded spacer being rotationally offset by a predetermined angle from the thread start point on the threaded aperture when the threaded spacer is positioned within the space defined by the recessed rim.

Consistent with the above, some embodiments include a method for reducing lens backlash in an imaging device. The method steps can include providing a lens including a threaded lens base; providing a carrier frame, the carrier frame including a threaded aperture, the threaded aperture being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base; positioning a threaded spacer over the threaded aperture, the threaded spacer being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base; coupling a biasing element to the carrier frame, the biasing element including a base and at least one spring extending outwardly from the base, the spring having a bias end; threading the threaded lens base into and through the threaded spacer and into the threaded aperture; forming a gap between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame; and using the bias end of the spring for applying a force to the threaded spacer on an opposite site of the threaded spacer where the gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame, the force applied to the threaded spacer reducing the lens backlash.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the technology, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the technology. However, these aspects are indicative of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the technology can be employed. Other aspects, advantages and novel features of the technology will become apparent from the following detailed description of the technology when considered in conjunction with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments and showing one orientation of a rigid-flex PCB supported by a carrier frame;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the electronic device as seen in FIG. 1, and showing an embodiment of a lens focus fix;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view in section of the lens focus fix as seen in FIG. 1,

FIG. 5 is a perspective view in section of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments and showing an alternative embodiment of a lens focus fix;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view in section of a portion of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments and showing an alternative embodiment of a lens focus fix;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments and showing

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the lens focus fix as seen in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the electronic device as seen in FIG. 1, and showing an embodiment of a lens focus fix;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments and showing the carrier frame and vision sensor lens removed;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an optional configuration of an electronic device, showing one portion of a rigid-flex PCB covering a substantial portion of the carrier frame face and overlapping the vision sensor lens, in accordance with the present embodiments;

FIGS. 12-14 are views showing alternative configurations of the rigid-flex PCB bent around and supported by the carrier frame, in accordance with the present embodiments;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an electronic device in accordance with the present embodiments and showing optional components coupled to the carrier frame and/or rigid-flex PCB;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an optional configuration of an electronic device, the electronic device including a liquid lens arrangement;

FIG. 17 is a partially exploded perspective view of an electronic device positioned within an enclosure, the enclosure including a heat sink thermally coupled to the electronic device to draw heat away from the electronic device;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the electronic device positioned within the enclosure, as seen in FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a partially exploded perspective view of an electronic device positioned within an enclosure, and showing an input/output board;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 19, and showing the input/output board including a connector coupleable to an illumination device;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of an enclosed electronic device and including an illumination device, as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a plan view of the electronic device as seen in FIG. 9, and showing the electronic device enclosed and with a front cover providing a partial view of a lens focus fix;

FIG. 23 is a flow chart of a method associated with the electronic device;

FIG. 24 is a partial exploded view of an electronic device including backlash reduction in accordance with the present embodiments;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view in section of the electronic device of FIG. 24, and showing an embodiment a threaded spacer and biasing element;

FIG. 26 is a close-up view of components of the electronic device and showing thread end and start points;

FIG. 27 is a side view showing the threaded spacer within the space defined by the recessed rim and the threaded spacer, with the lens not yet screwed into the threaded spacer and threaded aperture, and with no gap between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame;

FIG. 28 is a side view similar to FIG. 27 except showing the threaded spacer within the space defined by the recessed rim and the threaded spacer, with the lens screwed into the threaded spacer and threaded aperture, and with a gap defined between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of an electronic device showing lens backlash;

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of an electronic device showing backlash reduction using a threaded spacer and a biasing element in accordance with the present embodiments; and

FIG. 31 is a flow chart of a method associated with the electronic device.

While the technology is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the technology to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the technology as defined by the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNOLOGY

The various aspects of the subject technology are now described with reference to the annexed drawings, wherein like reference numerals correspond to similar elements throughout the several views. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description hereafter relating thereto are not intended to limit the claimed subject matter to the particular form disclosed. Rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter.

As used herein, the terms “component,” “system,” “device” and the like are intended to refer to either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs.

Furthermore, the disclosed subject matter may be implemented as a system, method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques and/or programming to produce hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof to control an electronic based device having a lens to implement aspects detailed herein.

Unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms “mounted,” “connected,” “supported,” and “coupled” and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings. Further, “connected” and “coupled” are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections or couplings. As used herein, unless expressly stated otherwise, “connected” means that one element/feature is directly or indirectly connected to another element/feature, and not necessarily electrically or mechanically. Likewise, unless expressly stated otherwise, “coupled” means that one element/feature is directly or indirectly coupled to another element/feature, and not necessarily electrically or mechanically.

As used herein, the term “processor” may include one or more processors and memories and/or one or more programmable hardware elements. As used herein, the term “processor” is intended to include any of types of processors, CPUs, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, or other devices capable of executing software instructions.

As used herein, the term “memory medium” includes a non-volatile medium, e.g., a magnetic media or hard disk, optical storage, or flash memory; a volatile medium, such as system memory, e.g., random access memory (RAM) such as DRAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, RAMBUS RAM, DR DRAM, etc.; or an installation medium, such as software media, e.g., a CD-ROM, or floppy disks, on which programs may be stored and/or data communications may be buffered. The term “memory medium” may also include other types of memory or combinations thereof.

Embodiments of the technology are described below by using diagrams to illustrate either the structure or processing of embodiments used to implement the embodiments of the present technology. Using the diagrams in this manner to present embodiments of the technology should not be construed as limiting of its scope. The present technology contemplates both an electronic device configuration and systems and methods for assembling and using an electronic device having a lens, and a carrier frame to support PCBs.

The various embodiments of an electronic device will be described in connection with an imaging device that is assembled using a carrier frame, with rigid-flex PCB positioned or bent on, in, and/or around the carrier frame. That is because the features and advantages of the technology are well suited for this purpose. Still, it should be appreciated that the various aspects of the technology can be applied in other forms of electronic devices and PCBs and in other systems and assemblies that may benefit from using rigid-flex PCB and a carrier frame and a reduction in lens backlash. Use of rigid-flex PCB positioned around a carrier frame reduces cost and results in a compact cubical form for electronic devices. Rigid-flex PCB and a carrier frame can be used to reduce at least one of a length, a thickness, and a width of the electronic device, without increasing the others of the length, the thickness, and the width.

An exemplary imaging device can be embedded into other electronic devices to add machine vision and/or code reading functions, and can also be a standalone imaging device. When embedded, such an electronic device can be an industrial, medical, mobile, or retail device, as non-limiting examples, and can be used in a manufacturing assembly, test, measurement, automation, and/or control application, among others, as non-limiting examples. When standalone, the imaging device can be integrated into an enclosure, and can include connectors, I/O, power circuitry, and user interface components, for example. The exemplary imaging device may use image acquisition software operable to perform any of various types of image acquisitions. The imaging device can perform machine vision tasks and/or decode images containing machine readable symbols, as non-limiting examples.

Referring to FIG. 1, the various embodiments described herein can reduce the size and/or cost of an imaging device 50. In some embodiments, some or all of the electronic components used to control and operate the imaging device 50 can be placed on one or more rigid-flex PCBs 52 that can be positioned on and/or in and/or around a carrier frame 54. The carrier frame 54 can support the PCB 52 and other components, including imaging device mechanics, electronics, and/or imaging device optics. In this way, the imaging device can achieve a maximal PCB area with a minimal cubical size. The overall size of the imaging device 50 can be reduced by use of the rigid-flex PCB 52 bent or folded around the carrier frame 54. This reduction in size can be achieved by subsuming a lens barrel volume within the interior of the folded PCB 52.

In order to optimize heat dissipation, embodiments can include some or all heat producing components placed on the PCB 52 to be facing to the outside of the imaging device 50 to help radiate heat away from the imaging device. In some embodiments, a connection between different board configurations of the PCB 52 can be achieved by a flexible component 82 of the rigid-flex PCB 52.

Referring now to FIG. 2, an exemplary imaging device 50 generally includes a rigid-flex PCB 52 and a carrier frame 54. The rigid-flex PCB 52 can comprise a variety of board configurations that include processing elements. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the rigid-flex PCB can include a main board 56, a sensor board 58, a power and I/O board 60, and an illumination board 62. It is to be appreciated that any of these boards can be removed or replaced with other boards, and components discussed or shown in the Figures can be moved from one board to another. The specific board names are not to be limiting, and are merely named for simplicity and not to define a specific form or function.

The main board 56 can generally include a processor 64 used for image processing and decoding. The processor 64 can be encoded with software that is configured to, among other things, control illumination, acquire image data, and process the acquired image data into usable information. Image processing can include known operations including inspection, alignment, and measurements, as non-limiting examples. A memory medium 66 can also be included on the main board 56 for storing imaging software, images, and buffering data and the like.

The sensor board 58 can generally include a vision sensor 68. The vision sensor 68 serves to convert light entering through a lens 70 into electrons to create an image. The lens 70 focuses image data, i.e., reflected light from an image, onto the vision sensor 68. The lens 70 can be positioned over the vision sensor 68 on the sensor board 58 to provide a view of an object in the field of view (FOV) to the vision sensor 68. In order to protect the vision sensor 68 from dust and stray light, a sealant, such as a double adhesive sealing tape 92, can be used, for example, and can be positioned around the outer edge 94 of the vision sensor 68, and can be adhered to the sensor board. In some embodiments, a web of thermal insulator material 74 can be placed between components and/or boards to help reduce heat flow. For example, insulator material 74 can be positioned between the vision sensor 68 and the processor 64 to help reduce heat flow.

An aiming device 72, such as a known LED and/or laser diode can be included on the sensor board 58. The aiming device can provide an indication, e.g. a visual indication such as a dot or X, for example, of the center of the FOV of the imaging device 50. The aiming device 72 can be positioned on the sensor board 58, or any of the other boards, and the carrier frame 54 can include an aperture 124 to allow the LED beam or laser beam (not shown) to pass. An aimer lens 126 can be placed in front of or on top of the aiming device 72 to adjust the aimer output angle and/or uniformity, for example. The aimer lens 126 can be replaced by other types of lenses to meet different application requirements. The carrier frame 54 can include a recess 128 that can be used to secure the aimer lens 126 to the carrier frame 54. The aimer lens 126 can include one or more tabs or hold downs 130 that secure the aimer lens, and possibly the illumination board 62, to the carrier frame 54. In other embodiments, an adhesive tape or film can be used, alone or in combination with the hold downs 130, to secure the aimer lens 126 to the carrier frame 54.

The power and I/O board 60 can generally include power management circuitry 76 and analog and/or digital input and output (I/O) connector(s) 78 for a variety of optional devices and/or to couple to a communication network, for example. The illumination board 62 can also include I/O connector(s) 78, and can also include, among other things, an illumination device 80, e.g., an LED or LEDs, for object illumination. The illumination device 80 can be a known LED, for example. Similar to the aimer lens 126, in some embodiments, an illumination lens 114 can be placed in front of or on top of the illumination device 80 to adjust the light output angle and/or uniformity, for example. The illumination lens 114 can be replaced by other types of lenses to meet different illumination requirements. The illumination board 62 can be sized and shaped to include a recess 116 or other structure or fastener mechanism that can be used to secure the illumination lens 114 to the carrier frame 54. The illumination lens 114 can also be used to retain the illumination board 62 to the carrier frame 54. Similar to the aimer lens 126, in some embodiments, the illumination lens 114 can include one or more tabs or hold downs 120 that secure the illumination lens, and/or possibly the illumination board 62, to the carrier frame 54 (see FIG. 15). It is to be appreciated that the carrier frame 54 may also include a retention feature so as to allow the illumination lens 114 to be retained on the carrier frame 54. In other embodiments, an adhesive tape or film 122 can be used, alone or in combination with the hold downs 120, to secure the illumination lens 114 to the illumination board 62 and/or carrier frame.

The carrier frame 54 can be a molded, formed, and/or machined component, and can be sized and shaped so as to provide a support structure for some or all of the boards 56, 58, 60, and 62, and for supporting one or more optics and/or additional imaging device components as discussed below. The carrier frame 54 can also include a plurality of PCB restraints 90. In the embodiment shown, the carrier frame 54 includes four PCB restraints 90 (the left rear PCB restraint is hidden from view), although more or less can be used. Six PCB restraints 90 are used in FIG. 11. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, the PCB restraints 90 can be biased to provide a snap-fit for any of the boards. As can be seen, the main board 56, the sensor board 58, the power and I/O board 60, and/or the illumination board 62 can be held in place on, in, and/or around the carrier frame 54 using the PCB restraints 90, and/or the carrier frame itself.

Traditional imaging devices include a lens that is factory calibrated for a specific focal distance, and without the option for user adjustment. Different focal distances required a different imaging device. Other traditional imaging devices provide some lens adjustment capability, but require tools and disassembly of the imaging device, even for small or minor fine tuning adjustments. To overcome these limitations, the carrier frame 54 can include an aperture 88 sized to support the main imaging lens 70. The aperture 88 can be threaded to allow the lens 70 to be replaced and/or rotated to adjust the lens focus. This provides the ability to focus the imaging device by adjusting the lens 70 instead of moving the imaging device 50. In some embodiments, the lens 70 can include a threaded base 96, and the carrier frame 54 can include mating threads 98 in the aperture 88 to support the lens, and to allow the lens 70 to be rotated to adjust a distance between the lens 70 and the vision sensor 68 for focusing. In some applications, the lens can be secured with a lens focus fix 100 to restrain the lens from rotating on its own.

Imaging devices, when used in a manufacturing assembly, test, measurement, automation, and/or control application, for example, can be subject to harsh operating environments including vibrations and temperature variations that can cause thermal expansion and contraction. These environmental factors can cause the lens to rotate on its own, which can eventually cause the lens to get out of focus, possibly causing unsatisfactory results. The lens focus fix 100 can not only serve to restrain the lens 70 from rotation in these harsh environments, but in some embodiments, the lens focus fix 100 can also allow adjustment of the lens 70 without the use of tools, while at the same time restraining the lens.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the lens focus fix 100 can be a formed fit and snapped or pressed into place by a user to restrain the lens 70, and can be rotated to provide discrete steps of lens adjustment to adjust the focal position of the lens 70, all without the use of tools. In some embodiments, the lens focus fix 100 can comprise a base 134, a ratchet portion 136, and a lens retainer portion 138. In some embodiments, the ratchet portion 136 can include at least one ratchet arm 140 extending from the base 134. The ratchet arm 140 can include a protrusion 142 extending from an engagement end 144 of the ratchet arm 140. The protrusion 142 can be sized and configured to engage a mating engagement apparatus 146, such as one of a plurality of recesses 146 positioned about a recessed rim 148 of the aperture 88. The ratchet arm 140 can apply a radially extending force such that the engagement end 144 is biased toward the mating engagement apparatus 146. As shown, the lens focus fix 100 includes six ratchet arms 140, although more or less are contemplated. Each protrusion 142 and recess 146 provides a discrete focal position for the lens 70. In some embodiments, the recessed rim 148 can include one or more cutouts 158 where a ratchet arm 140 and associated protrusion 142 does not contact a recession 146. It is to be appreciated that other latching mechanisms may be used, including where the rim 148 can include protrusions 142 and the engagement end 144 can include a recess 146, for example.

The lens retainer portion 138 can contact and engage a barrel 106 of the lens, either partially or substantially surrounding the barrel 106. As shown in FIG. 3, the retainer portion 138 can include an engagement portion 150, such as a plurality of ribs 150 to contact and engage the barrel 106 and keep the lens 70 from rotating. Three ribs 150 are shown, although more or less ribs are contemplated.

In use, a user can install and provide an adjustment for a lens 70 by rotating the threaded lens 70 within the threaded aperture 88. The user can then position the lens focus fix 100 over the lens 70 and insert the lens focus fix 100 into the recessed rim 148 and over the lens barrel 106. The lens 70 is now restrained from rotating on its own. To provide a fine-tuned focal adjustment for discrete focal positions, the user can grip the ratchet portion 136 and rotate the ratchet portion, in either a clockwise direction or a counter clockwise direction 152, to discretely adjust the focal position for the lens 70. The ratchet arms 140 and associated recesses 146 serve to provide the discrete adjustment positions, while the lens retainer portion 138 restrains the position of the lens in relation to the lens focus fix 100. For example, when the lens focus fix 100 is rotated a distance in a first direction, the lens retainer portion 138 causes the lens 70 to also rotate a distance in the first direction along with the lens focus fix 100. The rotational distance of the lens focus fix 100 and the lens 70 can be the same, or gearing could be included, for example, to step up or step down the rotational distance of the lens 70.

Referring to FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the lens focus fix can comprise a lens focus fix ring 102, and can be positioned over the lens 70 to secure the lens in a desired focal position and keep the lens from rotating. Similar to the lens focus fix 100, the lens focus fix ring 102 can be positioned over the lens 70 and inserted into the recessed rim 148 and over the lens barrel 106. The lens 70 is now restrained from rotating on its own. To provide a fine tuned focal adjustment, the user can remove the lens focus fix ring 102, rotate the threaded lens 70 within the threaded aperture 88, in either a clockwise direction or a counter clockwise direction, to adjust the focal position for the lens 70. The user can then reposition the lens focus fix ring 102 over the lens 70 and insert the lens focus fix ring 102 into the recessed rim 148 and over the lens barrel 106. The lens focus fix ring 102 can also include a retainer portion 138 to keep the lens 70 from rotating. The retainer portion 138 can contact and engage the barrel 106 of the lens 70, either partially or substantially surrounding the barrel 106.

Referring to FIG. 6, in other embodiments, the lens focus fix can comprise a lens focus fix plug 108, and can be positioned on or within the carrier frame 54. The lens focus fix plug 108 can include a contact portion 110. The contact portion 110 can be threaded to engage the threaded base 96 on the lens 70, and/or the contact portion 110 can be a generally soft material, e.g., plastic or rubber, to engage the lens 70 and keep the lens from rotating. In some embodiments, both a lens focus fix 100, or lens focus fix ring 102, and the lens focus fix plug 108 can be used.

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, an alternative embodiment of a lens focus fix 250 is shown. Similar to the lens focus fix 100, the lens focus fix 250 can be a formed fit and snapped or pressed into place by a user to restrain the lens 70. The lens focus fix 250 can be rotated to provide discrete steps of lens adjustment to adjust the focal position of the lens 70, all without the use of tools. In some embodiments, the lens focus fix 250 can include a slot 274 to allow a tool, e.g., a screwdriver or similar device, to rotate the lens focus fix. The lens focus fix 250 along with a restraint 252 can provide a predetermined number of fixed focal positions that can be achieved by rotation of the lens focus fix 250.

In some embodiments, the lens focus fix 250 can comprise a base 262, a ratchet portion 258, and a lens retainer portion 268. The base 262 can be grasped by a user to rotate the lens focus fix 250. A side wall 278 of the ratchet portion 258 can include a predetermined number of engagement apparatus 256 and at least one stop protrusion 260. Each engagement apparatus 256, such as one of a plurality of recesses 256, in cooperation with the restraint 252, can provide a discrete focal position for the lens 70. The stop protrusion 260 can be sized and configured to prevent a turn of the lens focus fix 250 over a predetermined amount of degrees (e.g., 180 or 270 degrees, or more or less).

Referring to FIG. 9, the restraint 252 can be secured to the carrier frame 54 by a variety of means, such as a rivet or screw 272. The restraint 252 can include a ratchet arm 264 and a biasing arm 265 extending from a base 274. The ratchet arm 264 can include a protrusion 266 extending from an engagement end 276 of the ratchet arm 264. The protrusion 266 can be sized and configured to engage one of the plurality of recesses 256 positioned about the ratchet portion 258. The ratchet arm 264 can apply a force, such as a radially extending compression force, such that the engagement end 276 is biased toward a mating recess 256. As shown, the lens focus fix 250 includes three recesses 256, although more or less are contemplated. Each recess 256 provides a discrete focal position for the lens 70, such that the protrusion 266 snap locks into place into one of the recesses 256. By turning the lens focus fix 250, the protrusion 266 can be unlocked from the recess 256 and find the next recess 256 and relock. In some embodiments, each recess 256 can have an associated visual indicator 270 that indicates the focal position. It is to be appreciated that other latching mechanisms may be used, including where the ratchet portion 258 can include protrusions 266 and the engagement end 276 can include a recess 256, for example.

The lens retainer portion 268 can contact and engage the barrel 106 of the lens 70, either partially or substantially surrounding the barrel 106. As best seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, the retainer portion 268 can include an engagement portion 254, such as a plurality of ribs 254 to contact and engage the barrel 106 and keep the lens 70 from rotating. Three ribs 254 are shown, although more or less ribs are contemplated.

To provide a fine-tuned focal adjustment for discrete focal positions, the user can grip and rotate the base 262, in either a clockwise direction or a counter clockwise direction 152, to discretely adjust the focal position for the lens 70. The protrusion 266 and associated recesses 256 serve to provide the discrete adjustment positions, while the lens retainer portion 268 restrains the position of the lens 70 in relation to the lens focus fix 250. For example, when the lens focus fix 250 is rotated a distance in a first direction, the lens retainer portion 268 causes the lens 70 to also rotate a distance in the first direction along with the lens focus fix 250. The rotational distance of the lens focus fix 250 and the lens 70 can be the same, or gearing could be included, for example, to step up or step down the rotational distance of the lens 70. In FIG. 9, the lens focus fix 250 would only be rotatable in a counter clockwise direction because the stop protrusion 260 is restricting rotation of the lens focus fix 250 in the clockwise direction.

Referring to FIG. 10, in some embodiments, each board 56, 58, 60, and 62 can be of a generally rigid PCB construction with flexible PCB 82 coupling one or more of the rigid boards together, described herein as a rigid-flex PCB. It is to be appreciated that flexible PCB may also be used in whole or in part. In one embodiment, the sensor board 58 can be positioned above and coupled to the main board 56 with flexible PCB 82. This orientation allows the vision sensor 68 to be positioned such that the lens 70 can be positioned above the vision sensor. The power and I/O board 60 can be coupled to the main board 56 with flexible PCB 82, and can extend upward toward the face 84 of the imaging device (see FIG. 11). The power and I/O board 60 can also be coupled to the sensor board 58, for example, instead of the main board 56. The illumination board 62 can then be coupled to the power and I/O board with flexible PCB 82. The illumination board 62 can also be coupled to the sensor board 58, for example.

Referring to FIG. 11, in some embodiments, the illumination board 62 can extend and cover some or a substantial portion of the face 84 of the imaging device 50. In this embodiment, the extended illumination board 62 can cover a portion of the lens 70, leaving only an aperture 86 through the illumination board 62 sized to allow sufficient light to enter the lens 70 as needed.

FIGS. 12-14 show alternative embodiments where the rigid-flex PCB 52 can be positioned around the carrier frame 54 in a variety of different ways. In FIG. 12, the carrier frame has been removed to better show possible rigid-flex PCB orientations. In FIG. 12, for example, the main board 56 is positioned on an opposite side of the imaging device from the power and I/O board 60. In FIGS. 13 and 14, alternative board configurations are show where aiming devices 72 and/or illumination devices 80 can be positioned on one or more boards, e.g., on a board(s) that surrounds and/or can be positioned next to or near the lens 70. In addition, the flexible PCB 82 can extend from any side of the various PCBs to meet any size or shape constraints, and/or various carrier frame 54 configurations.

Referring to FIG. 15, to support different lenses 154, a lens extender 112 can be coupled or mounted to the carrier frame 54, or can be a part of the carrier frame. The lens extender 112 can be internally and/or externally threaded so it can be threaded to the carrier frame 54, and allow a variety of different lenses, such as lens 154, to be threaded to the lens extender 112. In this way, different lenses having different focal points and/or imaging characteristics, for example, can be mounted to the imaging device 50, thereby increasing the applications for which it can be used.

In some applications, the distance between the vision sensor 68 and an object to be imaged may vary between uses. In these cases, in order to obtain useful images (i.e., images from which data required to complete imaging processes can be extracted), an adjustable lens and auto-focus system can be provided. In these cases, when the imaging device is activated to perform a vision process, the lens and auto-focus system can automatically focus the lens so that a clear image of the object to be imaged can be generated on the vision sensor, and can be processed to complete the imaging process.

Referring to FIG. 16, one type of lens that can be used with the imaging device is a liquid lens 132. Liquid lenses can be constructed of one or more fluids of different refractive indexes, and can be varied by controlling the meniscus, or surface of the liquid. In one type of liquid lens, for example, two fluids are contained in a tube with transparent end caps. The first is an electrically conducting aqueous solution, and the second is a non-conducting oil. The interior of the tube is coated with a hydrophobic material, which causes the aqueous solution to form a hemispherical lens which can be adjusted by applying a DC voltage across the coating to decrease its water repellency in a process called electrowetting. Electrowetting adjusts the surface tension of the liquid changing the radius of curvature and adjusting the focal length of the lens.

Liquid lenses are extremely versatile, providing a highly variable focal length, without the need for moving parts. The imaging device 50 can support a liquid lens 132 and can be connected to the imaging device via a flex connector 156 coupled to connector 78 on the illumination board 62, for example, or connector 156 could be connected to a flex part 82 of the rigid-flex PCB 52, for example.

Traditional imaging devices are physically coupled using a communication cable to a computer or similar device that includes sufficient processing power. The traditional imaging device is used to acquire an image, and the image is then uploaded to the computer for image decoding. In this way, the traditional imaging device only includes enough processing power to acquire and transfer the image, with the processing intensive activities taking place on the computer where space and heat generation can be more easily managed. As is known, processors that run process intensive activities, such as image decoding, can be large in size and can produce a significant amount of heat as a byproduct of the processing activities.

In some embodiments, processor 64 can be sized and configured to process an image, as compared to transferring the image to a computer for processing. This processing of the image on the imaging device 50 can produce significant heat and can also require additional PCB space for a physically larger processor. In addition, with processing taking place on the imaging device 50, more signals can be generated that need to be transferred between components. Use of the rigid-flex PCBs 52 can reduce and/or eliminate additional connectors between traditional rigid circuit boards that require connectors to couple two or more rigid circuit boards together.

As previously discussed, in order to optimize the heat dissipation, embodiments can include some or all heat producing components placed on the rigid-flex PCBs 52 to be facing to the outside of the imaging device 50 to help radiate heat away from the imaging device. In some embodiments, the processor 64 and the vision sensor 68 can be on different boards comprising the rigid-flex PCB 52 so as to separate the heat producing processor 64 from the heat sensitive vision sensor 68.

In other embodiments, one or more heat sinks 180 can be thermally coupled to the imaging device 50 to dissipate heat to the environment. FIG. 17 shows a bottom view of the imaging device 50, where an enclosure 184, or portions of the enclosure 184, can serve as the heat sink 180, while in other embodiments, heat sink(s) 184 can be thermally coupled to components of the imaging device 50, and then placed inside a separate enclosure, for example. A thermal gap filler 182 can be used, as is known, to couple the processor 64, for example, or other devices on the rigid-flex PCB 52, to the heat sink 180. The heat sink 180 can be made of known heat sink materials, such as copper and/or aluminum, for example. The enclosure 184 can be made of plastic materials, for example.

In the embodiment of FIG. 17, three sides of the imaging device 50 are shown to be thermally coupled to the heat sink 180. It is to be appreciated that the heat sink 180 can be configured to thermally couple to more or less that the three sides, and in some embodiments, the heat sink 180 can be thermally isolated from one or more sides of the imaging device 50. The enclosure 184 is shown to include a top portion 186, a bottom portion 188, a front cover 190, and the heat sink 180 serving as side walls of the enclosure 184. In some embodiments, one or more I/O and/or communication cables 192 can extend though a rear wall 194 and couple to an input/output board 198 that is coupled to the imaging device 50. The top portion 186, bottom portion 188, heat sink 180, and front cover 190 can be assembled and secured together using screws 196, for example. The front cover 190 can be a snap fit to allow removal without tools to access the lens focus fix 100 and lens focus fix ring 102 for adjustment of the lens 70. FIG. 18 illustrates imaging device 50 within enclosure 184.

Referring to FIGS. 19-21, a top view of the imaging device 50 and associated enclosure 184 is shown. In FIGS. 19 and 20, the input/output board 198 is better seen, and is shown coupled to the imaging device using flexible PCB 82. In some embodiments, the flexible PCB 82 can extend through a slot 200 in the input/output board 198. The input/output board 198 can be coupled to the heat sink 180 and/or the housing 184, and can include one or more indicators, such as LEDs 202, as a user interface.

The input/output board 198 can include a connector 206, such as a known board-to-board connector, to allow the imaging device 50 to control an additional illumination device. For example, as best seen in FIG. 20, an illumination device 210 having at least one illumination device 81 and a mating connector 212 can couple to the connector 206. In some embodiments, the illumination device 210 can be part of a packaged product or unit 216, as shown in FIG. 21. In other embodiments, the illumination device 210 can be a remote illumination device, e.g., not part of a packaged product or unit, yet coupled to and under control of the imaging device 50.

Referring to FIG. 22, an imaging device 50 including a lens focus fix 250 is shown within an enclosure 184. The enclosure 184 can include a front cover 190. In this embodiment, the front cover 190 can include a masked portion 280 and a clearance portion 270 in the front cover 190. The clearance portion can be sized to allow visual access to the selected visual indicator 270 that references the selected lens focal position. The remaining visual indicators 270 for the remaining focal positions can be obstructed by the masked portion 280.

FIG. 23 illustrates an embodiment of a method for assembling an electronic device including a lens 70, a carrier frame 54 and rigid-flex PCBs 52. The method shown in FIG. 23 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems or devices described above and shown in the Figures, among others. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired.

Referring to FIG. 23, a method 160 is shown for assembling an electronic device including a lens 70, a carrier frame 54 and rigid-flex PCBs 52. A first step is to provide a carrier frame 54 adapted to support one or more electronic circuit boards, in this case, rigid-flex PCBs 52, as indicated at process block 162. As previously described, the carrier frame 54 can include a plurality of restraints 90 to support the rigid-flex PCBs 52. At process block 164, the rigid-flex PCBs 52 are provided, and at process block 166 and 168, the rigid-flex PCBs 52 can be bent or folded and engaged with the carrier frame 54. In some embodiments, the rigid-flex PCBs 52 can include a vision sensor 68. With the rigid-flex PCBs 52 positioned on, in, and/or around the carrier frame 54, the lens 70 can be positioned over the vision sensor 68, with the carrier frame 54 supporting the lens 70 over the vision sensor 68, as indicated at process block 170. With the lens 70 positioned, at process block 172, the lens 70 can be restrained with a lens focus fix 100. In some embodiments, the lens focus fix 100 can contact both the lens 70 and the carrier frame 54 to restrain the lens 70 from rotating on its own, and to allow for adjustment of the positioning of the lens 70.

Referring to FIGS. 24 and 25, an alternative embodiment of an imaging device 50 including backlash reduction is shown. The backlash reduction is accomplished with a threaded spacer 300 and a biasing element 310. The biasing element 310 can be a spring or springs arranged to apply a downward, or upward, force to the threaded spacer 300. In some embodiments, the biasing element 310 is arranged in the form of one or more leaf springs. In some embodiments, the biasing element 310 can be flat, although not required. In other embodiments, the biasing element 310 can be one or more coil or wire springs or other known spring configurations, either compression or tension, between the carrier frame and the threaded spacer 300.

As can be seen, the threaded spacer 300 can be positioned within the recessed rim 148 of the carrier frame 54. The threaded spacer 300 is shown to include two tabs 302, with each tab 302 positioned within the cutouts 158 of the recessed rim 148. Placement tab 298 can also be included to prevent the threaded spacer from being inserted into the recessed rim 148 upside-down. The tabs 302 allow the threaded spacer to be positioned within the recessed rim 148 to allow axial movement, i.e., up and down, of the threaded spacer and to restrict rotational movement, i.e., rotation around the common thread axis. It is to be appreciated that other features can be used to restrict rotational movement, including screws or pins, as non-limiting examples. The biasing element 310 can also interact with or be coupled to the threaded spacer to restrict rotational movement. The threaded spacer 300 also includes internal threads 304 sized and configured to allow the threaded lens 70 to be rotated through the threaded spacer 300 for lens positioning and lens adjustment.

The biasing element 310 is positioned so as to apply a symmetrical force 306 (see FIG. 30) to the threaded spacer 300, which in turn applies the symmetrical force to the lens 70 in the direction of the optical axis 308 of the imaging device 50. It is to be appreciated that, using various biasing elements, the symmetrical force 306 can be applied in any direction, e.g., upward or downward, or inward or outward, e.g., between the carrier frame 54 and the threaded spacer 300. The symmetrical force prevents the lens 70 from tilting, and can be directed toward the carrier frame 54, or away from the carrier frame 54. The biasing element 310 is shown to include two springs 312 and a base 318, although one spring, or more than two springs are contemplated, as is more than one base 318. Each spring 312 includes a base end 314 and a bias end 316, with the base end 314 coupled to the base 318. Each spring 312 can extend outwardly from the base 318, and can be generally parallel with a front surface of the carrier frame 54. In the embodiment shown, the bias end 316 is configured to apply a predetermined and constant downward force 306 to the threaded spacer 300. As can be seen, the springs 312 are spaced apart so as to apply the force 306 symmetrically. The biasing element 310 can be removably coupled to the carrier frame 54 with the rivet or screw 272 used to secure the restraint 252, although other methods to couple the biasing element 310 are contemplated, including welding or gluing, as non-limiting examples.

The biasing element force 306 can be constant and can be adjustable. In one embodiment, the force 306 applied by the biasing element 310 can be adjusted by removing and replacing the biasing element 310 with a different biasing element 310 with a different force. In another embodiment, an adjustment mechanism 330 can be included to allow the user to manually adjust the force 306 applied by the biasing element. The adjustment mechanism 330 can be a screw or a wedge, for example, to adjust the position of the springs 312 to alter their bias force, depending on the application. Different threaded spacers 300 can have different height adjustment mechanisms 330 to adjust the bias force from the bias element 310. The force 306 applied by the biasing element 310 can also be adjusted to not only reduce or eliminate backlash, but also to reduce or eliminate unintentional rotation of the lens 70 due to vibration of the imaging device 50.

In the embodiment shown, the imaging device 50 includes lens focus fix 250 and associated restraint 252. It is to be appreciated that the threaded spacer 300 and biasing element 310 can be used with any of the embodiments shown or described herein, including with the lens focus fix 100, or without any focus fix, and can be used with the enclosure 184 and front cover 190, as non-limiting examples.

Referring now to FIG. 26, the internal threads 304 of the threaded spacer 300 can be seen, along with threads 98 in the aperture 88 of the carrier frame 54. The threads 98 in the aperture 88 of the carrier frame 54 mate with the threads 332 of the lens threaded base 96, and to allow the lens 70 to be rotated to adjust a distance between the lens 70 and the vision sensor 68 for focusing. As is shown, the internal threads 304 of the threaded spacer 300 include a thread end point 320 that is rotationally offset by a predetermined angle 336 from the thread start point 322 of the carrier frame threads 98. The predetermined angle 336 can be about a quarter turn (90 degrees), as shown, or could be less, or could be more, such as a half turn (180 degrees) or more or less. Generally, the predetermined angle can be any angle greater than zero degrees. The thread end point 320 offset from thread start point 322 automatically create a gap 340 (see FIGS. 25, 28, and 30) between the threaded spacer 300 and the carrier frame 54 when the lens 70 is screwed first into the internal threads 304 of the threaded spacer 300, and then into the threads 98 in the aperture 88 of the carrier frame 54. The predetermined angle 336 determines the gap size, and in some embodiments, the gap 340 can be approximately 0.25 millimeters, although it is appreciated that the gap 340 can be larger or smaller, and can be adjustable, by adjusting the predetermined angle, as discussed above.

In the Figures, internal threads 304, threads 98, and threads 332 are shown exaggerated in size to allow visualization of the thread ending and starting points 320 and 322 respectively, and to allow visualization of the backlash 344 without use of the threaded spacer 300 and biasing element 310, and the reduced backlash 346 with use of the threaded spacer 300 and biasing element 310. In some embodiments, the threads can be a one millimeter thread pitch, although the thread pitch can range between about 0.2 millimeters and about 2.0 millimeters, or more or less.

In some embodiments, the threaded spacer 300 is an injection molded part. The use of injection molding allows the thread end point 320 to be constant during manufacture of quantities of the threaded spacer. The ability to create a constant thread end point 320 with a machined threaded spacer would be essentially impossible, as would be understood by one skilled in the art. Similarly, the carrier frame 54 can be an injection molded part so the thread start point 322 can be constant during manufacture of quantities of the carrier frame.

As seen in FIG. 27, when the lens 70 is not yet screwed into the threads 98 in the aperture 88 of the carrier frame 54, the biasing element 310 applies force to the threaded spacer 300 so the threaded spacer sits within the recessed rim 148 and there is no gap between the carrier frame and the threaded spacer. Tabs 302 restrict rotational movement of the threaded spacer 300, but the threaded spacer is able to move upward while overcoming the force of the biasing element 310.

Referring to FIG. 28, the lens 70 has been screwed into the threads 304 of the threaded spacer 300 and the threads 98 in the aperture 88 of the carrier frame 54. As can be seen, due to the offset thread end and start points 320, 322 the gap 340 is automatically created between the threaded spacer 300 and the carrier frame 54. Specifically, the thread start point 350 of the lens 70 (see FIG. 27) engages the thread 304 of the threaded spacer 300, allowing the lens 70 to be threaded through the threaded spacer while the threaded spacer is restricted from rotational movement because of tabs 302. When the thread start point 350 of the lens 70 exits the threaded spacer 300 at the thread end point 320, the thread start point 350 of the lens 70 needs to be rotated at least through the predetermined angle 336 between the thread end point 320 of the threaded spacer 300 that is rotationally offset from the thread start point 322 of the carrier frame threads 98. The continued rotation of the lens through the predetermined angle 336 before the thread start point 350 of the lens 70 engages the thread start point 322 of the carrier frame threads 98 will cause threaded spacer 300 to rise about the threads 332 of the lens threaded base 96. The threaded spacer 300 will continue to rise and float, creating the gap 340 until the thread start point 350 of the lens 70 engages the thread start point 322 of the carrier frame threads 98. When the thread start point 350 of the lens 70 engages the thread start point 322 of the carrier frame threads 98, the dimension of the gap 340 remains generally constant, within tolerance, and the lens 70 can be continued to be screwed into the carrier frame threads 98 until a desired lens position is achieved.

It is to be appreciated that the predetermined angle 336, i.e., the rotational offset between the thread end point 320 of the threaded spacer 300 and the thread start point 322 of the carrier frame threads 98, can be varied so as to create a desired gap 340. Varying the gap 340, along with varying the force 306 applied by the biasing element 310, can allow the reduction in backlash to be controlled.

Referring to FIGS. 29 and 30, backlash 344 without use of the threaded spacer 300 and biasing element 310 (FIG. 29), and the reduced backlash 346 with use of the threaded spacer 300 and biasing element 310 (FIG. 30) can be seen. As seen in FIG. 29, when the lens 70 is threaded to allow for adjustment, there will be an amount of backlash 344 between the lens thread 332 and the thread 98 of the carrier frame 54. This undesirable backlash 344 can result in a shift of focus and in a tilted thread axis 348 of the lens 70 with respect to the optical axis 308 of the imaging device 50. Although the backlash 344 may be small in an actual imaging device, the backlash can be in the area of seventy to eighty microns as an example, with this backlash 344 being enough to reduce image quality. Comparing to FIG. 30, the threaded spacer 300 and biasing element 310 serve to reduce or eliminate the backlash 346. The biasing element 310 and associated springs 312 apply a constant force 306, e.g., upward, downward, inward or outward, evenly to the threaded spacer 300, the threaded spacer in turn applying the constant force 306 to the lens 70. The bias end 316 of the springs 312 can apply the force 306 to the threaded spacer 300 on the opposite site of the threaded spacer where the gap 340 is formed between the threaded spacer 300 and the carrier frame 54. In embodiments where the biasing element 310 applies the symmetrical force 306 away from the carrier frame 54, the bias end 316 of the springs 312 can apply the force 306 to the threaded spacer 300 on the same site of the threaded spacer where the gap 340 is formed between the threaded spacer 300 and the carrier frame 54. This constant force 306 to the lens 70 serves to push the lens 70 into the threads 98 of the carrier frame, thereby reducing or eliminating the backlash 346. Because the threaded spacer 300 is restricted from rotational movement by tabs 302, the lens 70 is able to be rotated in or out to adjust the lens focus, all while the force 306 on the lens 70 remains constant, and the gap 340 remains constant.

FIG. 31 illustrates an embodiment of a method for reducing backlash in an imaging device including a lens 70, a carrier frame 54, a threaded spacer 300 and a biasing element 310. The method shown in FIG. 31 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems or devices described above and shown in the Figures, among others. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired.

Referring to FIG. 31, a method 360 is shown for reducing backlash in an imaging device including a lens 70, a carrier frame 54, a threaded spacer 300 and a biasing element 310. A first step is to provide a lens 70 including a threaded lens base 96, as indicated at process block 362. Next, at process block 364, a carrier frame 54 is provided, the carrier frame including a threaded aperture 88, the threaded aperture 88 being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base 96. As previously described, the carrier frame 54 can also be adapted to support one or more electronic circuit boards, in this case, rigid-flex PCBs 52, and can include a plurality of restraints 90 to support the rigid-flex PCBs 52. A threaded spacer 300 can be positioned over the threaded aperture 88, as indicated at process block 366. The threaded spacer 300 can be sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base 96. At process block 368, a biasing element 310 can be coupled to the carrier frame 54, the biasing element 310 including a base 318 and at least one spring 312 extending outwardly from the base 318, the spring 312 having a bias end 316. The threaded lens base 96 can then be threaded into and through the threaded spacer 300 and into the threaded aperture 88, as indicated at process block 370. By threading the lens base 96 into and through the threaded spacer 300 and into the threaded aperture 88, a gap 340 is formed between the threaded spacer 300 and the carrier frame 54, as indicated at process block 372. And at process block 374, the bias end 316 of the spring 312 can be used for applying a force 306 to the threaded spacer 300, the force 306 applied to the threaded spacer 30 reducing the lens backlash 346.

In some embodiments, the method 360 can further include a thread end point 320 on the threaded spacer 300 and a thread start point 322 on the threaded aperture 88; and rotationally offsetting the thread end point 320 on the threaded spacer 300 by a predetermined angle 336 from the thread start point 322 on the threaded aperture 88, as indicated at process block 367.

The method 360 can also include acquiring image data, and using a processor for decoding the acquired image data into a decoded image.

Although the present technology has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the technology. For example, the present technology is not limited to the embodiments of smart cameras and associated devices shown herein and may be practiced with other line scan cameras and other electronic devices having a lens.

The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the technology may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the technology. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the claims below. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A lens backlash reduction apparatus comprising: a lens, the lens including a threaded lens base; a carrier frame, the carrier frame including a threaded aperture, the threaded aperture being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base; a biasing element coupled to the carrier frame, the biasing element including a base and at least one spring extending outwardly from the base, the spring having a bias end; and a threaded spacer, the threaded spacer being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base, such that when the threaded lens base is threaded into and through the threaded spacer and into the threaded aperture, the threaded spacer does not rotate and a gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame, and the bias end of the spring applies a force to the threaded spacer.
 2. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: further including a thread end point on the threaded spacer and a thread start point on the threaded aperture, the thread end point on the threaded spacer being rotationally offset by a predetermined angle from the thread start point on the threaded aperture.
 3. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the threaded aperture includes a recessed rim, the threaded spacer being sized to fit at least partially within a space defined by the recessed rim, and the threaded spacer being non-rotatable within the space defined by the recessed rim.
 4. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 3: further including a thread end point on the threaded spacer and a thread start point on the threaded aperture, the thread end point on the threaded spacer being rotationally offset by a predetermined angle from the thread start point on the threaded aperture when the threaded spacer is positioned within the space defined by the recessed rim.
 5. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 3: wherein the recessed rim includes at least one cutout, the threaded spacer further including at least one tab sized to be positioned in the cutout, the tab positioned in the cutout to cause the threaded spacer to be non-rotatable within the space defined by the recessed rim.
 6. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 3: wherein the biasing element includes a first spring and a second spring extending from the base; and wherein the first spring and the second spring extend from the base and at least partially extend within the space defined by the recessed rim.
 7. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the biasing element interacts with the threaded spacer to cause the threaded spacer to be non-rotatable.
 8. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the bias end of the spring applies a force to the threaded spacer on an opposite site of the threaded spacer where the gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame.
 9. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the biasing element includes a first spring and a second spring extending from the base.
 10. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the biasing element includes at least three or more springs.
 11. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the biasing element is coupled to the carrier frame away from the threaded aperture.
 12. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the biasing element is adjustable.
 13. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 12: wherein the biasing element is adjustable using a mechanism to adjust a force of the biasing element.
 14. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 2: wherein the threaded spacer is an injection molded part so the thread end point on the threaded spacer is consistent during manufacture of quantities of the threaded spacer.
 15. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: wherein the threaded lens base includes a thread start point, the thread start point of the threaded lens base first to engage the threaded spacer and a thread end point and being rotated through a predetermined angle before engaging a thread start point of the threaded aperture.
 16. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 1: further including a lens focus fix, the lens focus fix including a ratchet portion and a lens retainer portion, the lens focus fix being rotatable to adjust a focal position of the lens.
 17. A lens backlash reduction apparatus comprising: a lens including a threaded lens base; a carrier frame including a threaded aperture, the threaded aperture being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base, the threaded aperture including a thread start point on the threaded aperture, and the threaded aperture including a recessed rim; a biasing element coupled to the carrier frame, the biasing element including a base and at least one spring extending outwardly from the base, the spring having a bias end; and a threaded spacer sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base, the threaded spacer being sized to fit at least partially within a space defined by the recessed rim, the threaded spacer being non-rotatable within the space defined by the recessed rim, the threaded spacer including a thread end point on the threaded spacer, the thread end point on the threaded spacer being rotationally offset by a predetermined angle from the thread start point on the threaded aperture when the threaded spacer is positioned within the space defined by the recessed rim.
 18. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 17: wherein when the threaded lens base is threaded into and through the threaded spacer and into the threaded aperture, a gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame, and the bias end of the spring applies a force to the threaded spacer on an opposite site of the threaded spacer where the gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame.
 19. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 18: wherein the bias end of the spring applies a symmetrical force to the threaded spacer.
 20. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 17: wherein the threaded lens base includes a thread start point, the thread start point of the threaded lens base first to engage the threaded spacer and the thread start point and being rotated through the threaded spacer and through a predetermined angle before engaging the thread start point of the threaded aperture.
 21. The lens backlash reduction apparatus according to claim 17: wherein the lens backlash reduction apparatus is an imaging device, the imaging device further including a vision sensor and a processor to process an image acquired by the imaging device.
 22. A method for reducing lens backlash in an imaging device, the method comprising: providing a lens including a threaded lens base; providing a carrier frame, the carrier frame including a threaded aperture, the threaded aperture being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base; positioning a threaded spacer over the threaded aperture, the threaded spacer being sized to threadably receive the threaded lens base; coupling a biasing element to the carrier frame, the biasing element including a base and at least one spring extending outwardly from the base, the spring having a bias end; threading the threaded lens base into and through the threaded spacer and into the threaded aperture; forming a gap between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame; and using the bias end of the spring for applying a force to the threaded spacer on an opposite site of the threaded spacer where the gap is formed between the threaded spacer and the carrier frame, the force applied to the threaded spacer reducing the lens backlash.
 23. The method according to claim 22: further including restraining the lens with a lens focus fix, the lens focus fix contacting the lens and the carrier frame, such that rotating the lens focus fix a first distance in a first direction causes the lens to rotate a second distance in the first direction.
 24. The method according to claim 22: further including acquiring image data, and using a processor for decoding the acquired image data into a decoded image.
 25. The method according to claim 22: further including providing a thread end point on the threaded spacer and a thread start point on the threaded aperture; and rotationally offsetting the thread end point on the threaded spacer from the thread start point on the threaded aperture by a predetermined angle. 